砌体结构的地震倒塌模拟与分析

林旭川,陆新征,叶列平

清华大学土木工程系,北京,100084

汶川地震建筑震害分析与重建研讨会论文集, 2008.6, 北京

  要:四川汶川地震中大量砌体结构倒塌,造成严重人员伤亡。为研究和预防砌体结构震害,本文通过有限元自体接触算法和生死单元控制实现了纵墙承重砌体结构的倒塌模拟。并通过6个不同算例,对影响砌体结构地震倒塌的各种关键因素,如结构形式、材料强度、构造措施和地震动形式等进行了分析,总结了不同的结构倒塌模式。仿真算例表明,纵墙强度、圈梁、构造柱、廊柱等对结构抗震性能具有重要影响,对于靠近震中的结构,竖向地震的影响不可忽略。本文的研究为深入分析砌体结构倒塌,提高其抗震性能研究提供了参考。

关键词:砌体结构,倒塌模拟,有限元,自体接触,抗震措施

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