Study on Collapse of Bridge Structures
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engine-driven visualization of deactivated elements and its application
in bridge collapse simulation,
Automation in Construction, 2013, 35:471-481.
Abstract:
Element deactivation is one of the most suitable methods in a finite
element (FE) analysis of discontinuous features of collapse accidents.
However, deactivated elements are typically invisible in the general
purpose FE analysis, leading to a very incomplete outcome. To visualize
the deactivated elements, a 3D simulation method of fragments based
on a physics engine is proposed herein. A working system for fragment
simulation is designed by integrating a graphics engine, an FE analysis
and a physics engine. To reduce the extensive computational workload
due to massive fragments, a grid-clustering algorithm for fragment modeling
is also proposed. Using the proposed simulation methodology, the collapse
processes of two bridges are completely replicated. The results demonstrate
a realistic and real-time visual simulation of deactivated elements,
which complements the limitations of the general FE analysis results.
This study provides an important reference for conducting detailed investigations
of bridge collapse accidents.
Keywords: Deactivated elements; Visualization; Fragment simulation;
Physics engine; Bridge collapse
Progressive-collapse
Simulation and Critical Region Identification of a Stone Arch Bridge
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities-ASCE,
2013, 27(1): 43-52.
Abstract: Progressive collapses
of arch bridges have repeatedly occurred in recent years, resulting
in many casualties and significant property losses. Based on an actual
recent and serious progressive collapse of a stone arch bridge, this
paper simulated the complete progressive-collapse process using the
general purpose finite element (FE) program, MSC.Marc. The simulation
adopted a 3D FE model and performed a nonlinear analysis using the contact
algorithm in conjunction with the element deactivation technique. The
potential causes of the progressive-collapse of the stone arch bridge
were also evaluated. Furthermore, the importance of different components
of the stone arch bridge was determined with the conception of generalized
structural stiffness; thus, the most critical and vulnerable regions
of the bridge were identified. The results of the simulated progressive-collapse
process agreed well with the actual process, and the predicted critical
regions were both correct and realistic. This study also provides important
references for the analysis and prevention of progressive collapses
of stone arch bridges.
keywords: Stone arch bridge, Progressive-collapse, Computer simulation,
Element deactivation, Critical regions
Overload-induced
progressive collapse simulation for a reinforced concrete arch bridge
Engineering Mechanics, 2012, 29(sup.2): 122-127.
Abstract: In recent years, collapse
accidents of arch bridges happen frequently. In this paper, a nonlinear
finite element model of an actual reinforced concrete rigid frame arch
bridge is built and the overload-induced progressive collapse procedures
are simulated. The influence of different constraints at the bottom
of the piers is discussed. The importance of different components in
this bridge is evaluated by using the component importance evaluation
method base on generalized structural stiffness, and it is agreed well
with the collapse process.
Key words: arch bridge; overload; collapse; importance evaluation
Bridge
collapse scene simulation based on the finite element method and virtual
reality technology,
Proc. 14th Int. Conference on Computing in Civil and
Building Engineering, 2012.06. Moscow, Russia: 194-195.
Abstract: Bridge collapse accidents
often cause significant casualties and property losses. It is important
to investigate bridge collapse accidents to prevent similar catastrophes
from occurring in the future. Computer simulations of the bridge collapse
process play an important role in the discovery of the causes of bridge
collapses. An integrated solution for scene simulation of bridge collapse
that is based on the finite element (FE) method and virtual reality
technology is proposed in this paper. A method of scene modelling was
designed based on the graphics engine open scene graph (OSG) to solve
the rendering efficiency problems caused by the massive amount of FE
data for a bridge. 3-dimension (3D) animations of bridge collapse with
special effects were implemented with the physics engine PhysX to supplement
the shortage of the FE data. In addition, terrain and surroundings were
added to build a complete scene model. The results obtained with this
proposed method are presented via a case study. The scene model of the
bridge is highly efficient and realistic, and the scene simulation of
a bridge collapse is as accurate as the FE simulation, but it is more
realistic and complete. This study provides an important reference for
the analysis of bridge collapse accidents.
Keywords: Scene simulation, bridge collapse, finite element (FE),
Open Scene Graph (OSG), PhysX
Progressive
collapse simulation and components importance evaluation of stone arch
bridge,
Journal of Lanzhou
Jiaotong University, 2010, 29(6): 25-30.
Abstract: Bridges are important
lifeline projects, so the collapse accidents of bridge will cause significant
casualties and properties losses. Computer simulation has a bright future
to discover the reasons of bridge accidents. Taking the progressive
collapse accidents of stone arch bridges which suffered greatest in
recent years for an example, this paper establishes a 3D finite element
(FE) model of stone arch bridges with the general-purpose finite element
program-MSC.MARC. The process of collapse is simulated with the contact
algorithm and the deactivation of elements, and the possible reasons
of the collapse are analyzed. Furthermore, the importance of different
components of the stone arch bridge is indexed with the conception of
the generalized stiffness of structure, so as to get the most critical
regions of the stone arch bridge. The results show that the process
of collapse simulated in this work agrees well with the actual process
and the predicted critical regions are correct and reasonable, which
provides references for design, construction and maintenance of arch
bridge.
Keywords: Stone arch bridge, Progressive collapse, Simulation,
Deactivation elements, Critical regions
The
components importance evaluation and overload induced collapse simulation
for RC arch bridges,
Computer Aided Engineering, 2010, 19(3): 26-30.
Abstract: Recently, the collapse
accidents of arch bridges happened frequently, which caused great economic
losses and casualties. So it is important to study the mechanism and
countermeasure of the collapse of arch bridges. Based on a reinforced
concrete (RC) arch bridge, this paper builds up the finite element model
firstly. And then the generalized structural stiffness-based importance
index is adopted to evaluate the components importance indices of the
arch bridge, so that the critical regions for the safety of the arch
bridge are identified. Finally, the process of collapse induced by overloading
is simulated with the program of TECS. The simulation results can provide
references to analyze the collapse reasons and to evaluate the collapse
resistance capacity of arch bridge.
Keywords: Arch bridge, Importance indices evaluation, Overload,
Collapse
A
preliminary study on the investigation of the bridge collapse accident
scenes based on finite element analysis and virtual reality,
Proc. 2010 National Bridge Conference, Nov, 2010, Nanjing,
China: 921-927.
High
Performance Simulation for Bridges under Disaster
Proc. 1st Symp. on High Performance Computing (HPC) Technology
in Engineering Design, 2007. Dec. 11-12, Shanghai: 102-110.
Abstract: Bridge is the key project
in lifeline engineering. Currently, various natural and man-induced
disasters become a serious threat to the bridges in China. Due to the
large-scale, unpredictable, and destructive features of disasters, computer
simulation has obvious advantages in disaster prevention and mitigation
of bridges. This paper presents the researches on disaster prevention
and mitigation of bridges developed by the Department of Civil Engineering
in Tsinghua University, which base on high performance computing. The
nonlinear computing method is discussed and benchmarked with large-scale
test. High performance simulation on different scales for bridges implemented
by Tsinghua University are presented. In small scale, analyses about
dynamic behavior of the bridge traveled by overload trucks and impact
on the bridge by over-high trucks are illustrated. And in large scale,
failure simulation for large viaducts with traveling wave effect is
presented. In addition, Tsinghua University also developed the nonlinear
quick modeling method for bridges, so as to provide abilities to conveniently
obtain the failure model and safety assessment of bridges under various
disasters.
Keywords: bridge, high performance simulation, overloaded, impact,
earthquake, quick modeling.
Failure
simulation for large viaducts with traveling wave effect
Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting , 29(3),
2007, 1-5.
Abstract: Viaducts are important
life lines in the city transport system. Precision prediction for the
failure modes of large viaducts (viaduct system) in earthquake is important
for the disaster prevention and reduction. In this paper, based on high
performance computation and nonlinear analysis, the failure of large
viaducts in earthquake is simulated with the consideration of travel
wave effect in the ground, plastic hinges in the pier and the girder
falling in the superstructures. The simulation results show that the
proposed model can correctly simulate the failure of large viaducts
in earthquake. And parametrical study is carried out for the further
research on the safety assessment of the large viaducts.
Keywords: viaduct, earthquake, traveling wave, failure, simulation